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| """SPI - Simple Pascal Interpreter. Part 15."""
import argparse import sys from enum import Enum
_SHOULD_LOG_SCOPE = False
class ErrorCode(Enum): UNEXPECTED_TOKEN = 'Unexpected token' ID_NOT_FOUND = 'Identifier not found' DUPLICATE_ID = 'Duplicate id found'
class Error(Exception): def __init__(self, error_code=None, token=None, message=None): self.error_code = error_code self.token = token self.message = f'{self.__class__.__name__}: {message}'
class LexerError(Error): pass
class ParserError(Error): pass
class SemanticError(Error): pass
class TokenType(Enum): PLUS = '+' MINUS = '-' MUL = '*' FLOAT_DIV = '/' LPAREN = '(' RPAREN = ')' SEMI = ';' DOT = '.' COLON = ':' COMMA = ',' PROGRAM = 'PROGRAM' INTEGER = 'INTEGER' REAL = 'REAL' INTEGER_DIV = 'DIV' VAR = 'VAR' PROCEDURE = 'PROCEDURE' BEGIN = 'BEGIN' END = 'END' ID = 'ID' INTEGER_CONST = 'INTEGER_CONST' REAL_CONST = 'REAL_CONST' ASSIGN = ':=' EOF = 'EOF'
class Token(object): def __init__(self, type, value, lineno=None, column=None): self.type = type self.value = value self.lineno = lineno self.column = column
def __str__(self): """String representation of the class instance.
Example: >>> Token(TokenType.INTEGER, 7, lineno=5, column=10) Token(TokenType.INTEGER, 7, position=5:10) """ return 'Token({type}, {value}, position={lineno}:{column})'.format( type=self.type, value=repr(self.value), lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column, )
def __repr__(self): return self.__str__()
def _build_reserved_keywords(): """Build a dictionary of reserved keywords.
The function relies on the fact that in the TokenType enumeration the beginning of the block of reserved keywords is marked with PROGRAM and the end of the block is marked with the END keyword.
Result: {'PROGRAM': <TokenType.PROGRAM: 'PROGRAM'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INTEGER: 'INTEGER'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.REAL: 'REAL'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.INTEGER_DIV: 'DIV'>, 'VAR': <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>} """ tt_list = list(TokenType) start_index = tt_list.index(TokenType.PROGRAM) end_index = tt_list.index(TokenType.END) reserved_keywords = { token_type.value: token_type for token_type in tt_list[start_index:end_index + 1] } return reserved_keywords
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = _build_reserved_keywords()
class Lexer(object): def __init__(self, text): self.text = text self.pos = 0 self.current_char = self.text[self.pos] self.lineno = 1 self.column = 1
def error(self): s = "Lexer error on '{lexeme}' line: {lineno} column: {column}".format( lexeme=self.current_char, lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column, ) raise LexerError(message=s)
def advance(self): """Advance the `pos` pointer and set the `current_char` variable.""" if self.current_char == '\n': self.lineno += 1 self.column = 0
self.pos += 1 if self.pos > len(self.text) - 1: self.current_char = None else: self.current_char = self.text[self.pos] self.column += 1
def peek(self): peek_pos = self.pos + 1 if peek_pos > len(self.text) - 1: return None else: return self.text[peek_pos]
def skip_whitespace(self): while self.current_char is not None and self.current_char.isspace(): self.advance()
def skip_comment(self): while self.current_char != '}': self.advance() self.advance()
def number(self): """Return a (multidigit) integer or float consumed from the input."""
token = Token(type=None, value=None, lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column)
result = '' while self.current_char is not None and self.current_char.isdigit(): result += self.current_char self.advance()
if self.current_char == '.': result += self.current_char self.advance()
while self.current_char is not None and self.current_char.isdigit(): result += self.current_char self.advance()
token.type = TokenType.REAL_CONST token.value = float(result) else: token.type = TokenType.INTEGER_CONST token.value = int(result)
return token
def _id(self): """Handle identifiers and reserved keywords"""
token = Token(type=None, value=None, lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column)
value = '' while self.current_char is not None and self.current_char.isalnum(): value += self.current_char self.advance()
token_type = RESERVED_KEYWORDS.get(value.upper()) if token_type is None: token.type = TokenType.ID token.value = value else: token.type = token_type token.value = value.upper()
return token
def get_next_token(self): """Lexical analyzer (also known as scanner or tokenizer)
This method is responsible for breaking a sentence apart into tokens. One token at a time. """ while self.current_char is not None: if self.current_char.isspace(): self.skip_whitespace() continue
if self.current_char == '{': self.advance() self.skip_comment() continue
if self.current_char.isalpha(): return self._id()
if self.current_char.isdigit(): return self.number()
if self.current_char == ':' and self.peek() == '=': token = Token( type=TokenType.ASSIGN, value=TokenType.ASSIGN.value, lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column, ) self.advance() self.advance() return token
try: token_type = TokenType(self.current_char) except ValueError: self.error() else: token = Token( type=token_type, value=token_type.value, lineno=self.lineno, column=self.column, ) self.advance() return token
return Token(type=TokenType.EOF, value=None)
class AST(object): pass
class BinOp(AST): def __init__(self, left, op, right): self.left = left self.token = self.op = op self.right = right
class Num(AST): def __init__(self, token): self.token = token self.value = token.value
class UnaryOp(AST): def __init__(self, op, expr): self.token = self.op = op self.expr = expr
class Compound(AST): """Represents a 'BEGIN ... END' block""" def __init__(self): self.children = []
class Assign(AST): def __init__(self, left, op, right): self.left = left self.token = self.op = op self.right = right
class Var(AST): """The Var node is constructed out of ID token.""" def __init__(self, token): self.token = token self.value = token.value
class NoOp(AST): pass
class Program(AST): def __init__(self, name, block): self.name = name self.block = block
class Block(AST): def __init__(self, declarations, compound_statement): self.declarations = declarations self.compound_statement = compound_statement
class VarDecl(AST): def __init__(self, var_node, type_node): self.var_node = var_node self.type_node = type_node
class Type(AST): def __init__(self, token): self.token = token self.value = token.value
class Param(AST): def __init__(self, var_node, type_node): self.var_node = var_node self.type_node = type_node
class ProcedureDecl(AST): def __init__(self, proc_name, params, block_node): self.proc_name = proc_name self.params = params self.block_node = block_node
class Parser(object): def __init__(self, lexer): self.lexer = lexer self.current_token = self.get_next_token()
def get_next_token(self): return self.lexer.get_next_token()
def error(self, error_code, token): raise ParserError( error_code=error_code, token=token, message=f'{error_code.value} -> {token}', )
def eat(self, token_type): if self.current_token.type == token_type: self.current_token = self.get_next_token() else: self.error( error_code=ErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN, token=self.current_token, )
def program(self): """program : PROGRAM variable SEMI block DOT""" self.eat(TokenType.PROGRAM) var_node = self.variable() prog_name = var_node.value self.eat(TokenType.SEMI) block_node = self.block() program_node = Program(prog_name, block_node) self.eat(TokenType.DOT) return program_node
def block(self): """block : declarations compound_statement""" declaration_nodes = self.declarations() compound_statement_node = self.compound_statement() node = Block(declaration_nodes, compound_statement_node) return node
def declarations(self): """ declarations : (VAR (variable_declaration SEMI)+)? procedure_declaration* """ declarations = []
if self.current_token.type == TokenType.VAR: self.eat(TokenType.VAR) while self.current_token.type == TokenType.ID: var_decl = self.variable_declaration() declarations.extend(var_decl) self.eat(TokenType.SEMI)
while self.current_token.type == TokenType.PROCEDURE: proc_decl = self.procedure_declaration() declarations.append(proc_decl)
return declarations
def formal_parameters(self): """ formal_parameters : ID (COMMA ID)* COLON type_spec """ param_nodes = []
param_tokens = [self.current_token] self.eat(TokenType.ID) while self.current_token.type == TokenType.COMMA: self.eat(TokenType.COMMA) param_tokens.append(self.current_token) self.eat(TokenType.ID)
self.eat(TokenType.COLON) type_node = self.type_spec()
for param_token in param_tokens: param_node = Param(Var(param_token), type_node) param_nodes.append(param_node)
return param_nodes
def formal_parameter_list(self): """ formal_parameter_list : formal_parameters | formal_parameters SEMI formal_parameter_list """ if not self.current_token.type == TokenType.ID: return []
param_nodes = self.formal_parameters()
while self.current_token.type == TokenType.SEMI: self.eat(TokenType.SEMI) param_nodes.extend(self.formal_parameters())
return param_nodes
def variable_declaration(self): """variable_declaration : ID (COMMA ID)* COLON type_spec""" var_nodes = [Var(self.current_token)] self.eat(TokenType.ID)
while self.current_token.type == TokenType.COMMA: self.eat(TokenType.COMMA) var_nodes.append(Var(self.current_token)) self.eat(TokenType.ID)
self.eat(TokenType.COLON)
type_node = self.type_spec() var_declarations = [ VarDecl(var_node, type_node) for var_node in var_nodes ] return var_declarations
def procedure_declaration(self): """procedure_declaration : PROCEDURE ID (LPAREN formal_parameter_list RPAREN)? SEMI block SEMI """ self.eat(TokenType.PROCEDURE) proc_name = self.current_token.value self.eat(TokenType.ID) params = []
if self.current_token.type == TokenType.LPAREN: self.eat(TokenType.LPAREN) params = self.formal_parameter_list() self.eat(TokenType.RPAREN)
self.eat(TokenType.SEMI) block_node = self.block() proc_decl = ProcedureDecl(proc_name, params, block_node) self.eat(TokenType.SEMI) return proc_decl
def type_spec(self): """type_spec : INTEGER | REAL """ token = self.current_token if self.current_token.type == TokenType.INTEGER: self.eat(TokenType.INTEGER) else: self.eat(TokenType.REAL) node = Type(token) return node
def compound_statement(self): """ compound_statement: BEGIN statement_list END """ self.eat(TokenType.BEGIN) nodes = self.statement_list() self.eat(TokenType.END)
root = Compound() for node in nodes: root.children.append(node)
return root
def statement_list(self): """ statement_list : statement | statement SEMI statement_list """ node = self.statement()
results = [node]
while self.current_token.type == TokenType.SEMI: self.eat(TokenType.SEMI) results.append(self.statement())
return results
def statement(self): """ statement : compound_statement | assignment_statement | empty """ if self.current_token.type == TokenType.BEGIN: node = self.compound_statement() elif self.current_token.type == TokenType.ID: node = self.assignment_statement() else: node = self.empty() return node
def assignment_statement(self): """ assignment_statement : variable ASSIGN expr """ left = self.variable() token = self.current_token self.eat(TokenType.ASSIGN) right = self.expr() node = Assign(left, token, right) return node
def variable(self): """ variable : ID """ node = Var(self.current_token) self.eat(TokenType.ID) return node
def empty(self): """An empty production""" return NoOp()
def expr(self): """ expr : term ((PLUS | MINUS) term)* """ node = self.term()
while self.current_token.type in (TokenType.PLUS, TokenType.MINUS): token = self.current_token if token.type == TokenType.PLUS: self.eat(TokenType.PLUS) elif token.type == TokenType.MINUS: self.eat(TokenType.MINUS)
node = BinOp(left=node, op=token, right=self.term())
return node
def term(self): """term : factor ((MUL | INTEGER_DIV | FLOAT_DIV) factor)*""" node = self.factor()
while self.current_token.type in ( TokenType.MUL, TokenType.INTEGER_DIV, TokenType.FLOAT_DIV, ): token = self.current_token if token.type == TokenType.MUL: self.eat(TokenType.MUL) elif token.type == TokenType.INTEGER_DIV: self.eat(TokenType.INTEGER_DIV) elif token.type == TokenType.FLOAT_DIV: self.eat(TokenType.FLOAT_DIV)
node = BinOp(left=node, op=token, right=self.factor())
return node
def factor(self): """factor : PLUS factor | MINUS factor | INTEGER_CONST | REAL_CONST | LPAREN expr RPAREN | variable """ token = self.current_token if token.type == TokenType.PLUS: self.eat(TokenType.PLUS) node = UnaryOp(token, self.factor()) return node elif token.type == TokenType.MINUS: self.eat(TokenType.MINUS) node = UnaryOp(token, self.factor()) return node elif token.type == TokenType.INTEGER_CONST: self.eat(TokenType.INTEGER_CONST) return Num(token) elif token.type == TokenType.REAL_CONST: self.eat(TokenType.REAL_CONST) return Num(token) elif token.type == TokenType.LPAREN: self.eat(TokenType.LPAREN) node = self.expr() self.eat(TokenType.RPAREN) return node else: node = self.variable() return node
def parse(self): """ program : PROGRAM variable SEMI block DOT
block : declarations compound_statement
declarations : (VAR (variable_declaration SEMI)+)? procedure_declaration*
variable_declaration : ID (COMMA ID)* COLON type_spec
procedure_declaration : PROCEDURE ID (LPAREN formal_parameter_list RPAREN)? SEMI block SEMI
formal_params_list : formal_parameters | formal_parameters SEMI formal_parameter_list
formal_parameters : ID (COMMA ID)* COLON type_spec
type_spec : INTEGER | REAL
compound_statement : BEGIN statement_list END
statement_list : statement | statement SEMI statement_list
statement : compound_statement | assignment_statement | empty
assignment_statement : variable ASSIGN expr
empty :
expr : term ((PLUS | MINUS) term)*
term : factor ((MUL | INTEGER_DIV | FLOAT_DIV) factor)*
factor : PLUS factor | MINUS factor | INTEGER_CONST | REAL_CONST | LPAREN expr RPAREN | variable
variable: ID """ node = self.program() if self.current_token.type != TokenType.EOF: self.error( error_code=ErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN, token=self.current_token, )
return node
class NodeVisitor(object): def visit(self, node): method_name = 'visit_' + type(node).__name__ visitor = getattr(self, method_name, self.generic_visit) return visitor(node)
def generic_visit(self, node): raise Exception('No visit_{} method'.format(type(node).__name__))
class Symbol(object): def __init__(self, name, type=None): self.name = name self.type = type
class VarSymbol(Symbol): def __init__(self, name, type): super().__init__(name, type)
def __str__(self): return "<{class_name}(name='{name}', type='{type}')>".format( class_name=self.__class__.__name__, name=self.name, type=self.type, )
__repr__ = __str__
class BuiltinTypeSymbol(Symbol): def __init__(self, name): super().__init__(name)
def __str__(self): return self.name
def __repr__(self): return "<{class_name}(name='{name}')>".format( class_name=self.__class__.__name__, name=self.name, )
class ProcedureSymbol(Symbol): def __init__(self, name, params=None): super().__init__(name) self.params = params if params is not None else []
def __str__(self): return '<{class_name}(name={name}, parameters={params})>'.format( class_name=self.__class__.__name__, name=self.name, params=self.params, )
__repr__ = __str__
class ScopedSymbolTable(object): def __init__(self, scope_name, scope_level, enclosing_scope=None): self._symbols = {} self.scope_name = scope_name self.scope_level = scope_level self.enclosing_scope = enclosing_scope
def _init_builtins(self): self.insert(BuiltinTypeSymbol('INTEGER')) self.insert(BuiltinTypeSymbol('REAL'))
def __str__(self): h1 = 'SCOPE (SCOPED SYMBOL TABLE)' lines = ['\n', h1, '=' * len(h1)] for header_name, header_value in ( ('Scope name', self.scope_name), ('Scope level', self.scope_level), ('Enclosing scope', self.enclosing_scope.scope_name if self.enclosing_scope else None ) ): lines.append('%-15s: %s' % (header_name, header_value)) h2 = 'Scope (Scoped symbol table) contents' lines.extend([h2, '-' * len(h2)]) lines.extend( ('%7s: %r' % (key, value)) for key, value in self._symbols.items() ) lines.append('\n') s = '\n'.join(lines) return s
__repr__ = __str__
def log(self, msg): if _SHOULD_LOG_SCOPE: print(msg)
def insert(self, symbol): self.log(f'Insert: {symbol.name}') self._symbols[symbol.name] = symbol
def lookup(self, name, current_scope_only=False): self.log(f'Lookup: {name}. (Scope name: {self.scope_name})') symbol = self._symbols.get(name)
if symbol is not None: return symbol
if current_scope_only: return None
if self.enclosing_scope is not None: return self.enclosing_scope.lookup(name)
class SemanticAnalyzer(NodeVisitor): def __init__(self): self.current_scope = None
def log(self, msg): if _SHOULD_LOG_SCOPE: print(msg)
def error(self, error_code, token): raise SemanticError( error_code=error_code, token=token, message=f'{error_code.value} -> {token}', )
def visit_Block(self, node): for declaration in node.declarations: self.visit(declaration) self.visit(node.compound_statement)
def visit_Program(self, node): self.log('ENTER scope: global') global_scope = ScopedSymbolTable( scope_name='global', scope_level=1, enclosing_scope=self.current_scope, ) global_scope._init_builtins() self.current_scope = global_scope
self.visit(node.block)
self.log(global_scope)
self.current_scope = self.current_scope.enclosing_scope self.log('LEAVE scope: global')
def visit_Compound(self, node): for child in node.children: self.visit(child)
def visit_NoOp(self, node): pass
def visit_BinOp(self, node): self.visit(node.left) self.visit(node.right)
def visit_ProcedureDecl(self, node): proc_name = node.proc_name proc_symbol = ProcedureSymbol(proc_name) self.current_scope.insert(proc_symbol)
self.log(f'ENTER scope: {proc_name}') procedure_scope = ScopedSymbolTable( scope_name=proc_name, scope_level=self.current_scope.scope_level + 1, enclosing_scope=self.current_scope ) self.current_scope = procedure_scope
for param in node.params: param_type = self.current_scope.lookup(param.type_node.value) param_name = param.var_node.value var_symbol = VarSymbol(param_name, param_type) self.current_scope.insert(var_symbol) proc_symbol.params.append(var_symbol)
self.visit(node.block_node)
self.log(procedure_scope)
self.current_scope = self.current_scope.enclosing_scope self.log(f'LEAVE scope: {proc_name}')
def visit_VarDecl(self, node): type_name = node.type_node.value type_symbol = self.current_scope.lookup(type_name)
var_name = node.var_node.value var_symbol = VarSymbol(var_name, type_symbol)
if self.current_scope.lookup(var_name, current_scope_only=True): self.error( error_code=ErrorCode.DUPLICATE_ID, token=node.var_node.token, )
self.current_scope.insert(var_symbol)
def visit_Assign(self, node): self.visit(node.right) self.visit(node.left)
def visit_Var(self, node): var_name = node.value var_symbol = self.current_scope.lookup(var_name) if var_symbol is None: self.error(error_code=ErrorCode.ID_NOT_FOUND, token=node.token)
def visit_Num(self, node): pass
def visit_UnaryOp(self, node): pass
class Interpreter(NodeVisitor): def __init__(self, tree): self.tree = tree self.GLOBAL_MEMORY = {}
def visit_Program(self, node): self.visit(node.block)
def visit_Block(self, node): for declaration in node.declarations: self.visit(declaration) self.visit(node.compound_statement)
def visit_VarDecl(self, node): pass
def visit_Type(self, node): pass
def visit_BinOp(self, node): if node.op.type == TokenType.PLUS: return self.visit(node.left) + self.visit(node.right) elif node.op.type == TokenType.MINUS: return self.visit(node.left) - self.visit(node.right) elif node.op.type == TokenType.MUL: return self.visit(node.left) * self.visit(node.right) elif node.op.type == TokenType.INTEGER_DIV: return self.visit(node.left) // self.visit(node.right) elif node.op.type == TokenType.FLOAT_DIV: return float(self.visit(node.left)) / float(self.visit(node.right))
def visit_Num(self, node): return node.value
def visit_UnaryOp(self, node): op = node.op.type if op == TokenType.PLUS: return +self.visit(node.expr) elif op == TokenType.MINUS: return -self.visit(node.expr)
def visit_Compound(self, node): for child in node.children: self.visit(child)
def visit_Assign(self, node): var_name = node.left.value var_value = self.visit(node.right) self.GLOBAL_MEMORY[var_name] = var_value
def visit_Var(self, node): var_name = node.value var_value = self.GLOBAL_MEMORY.get(var_name) return var_value
def visit_NoOp(self, node): pass
def visit_ProcedureDecl(self, node): pass
def interpret(self): tree = self.tree if tree is None: return '' return self.visit(tree)
def main(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser( description='SPI - Simple Pascal Interpreter' ) parser.add_argument('inputfile', help='Pascal source file') parser.add_argument( '--scope', help='Print scope information', action='store_true', ) args = parser.parse_args() global _SHOULD_LOG_SCOPE _SHOULD_LOG_SCOPE = args.scope
text = open(args.inputfile, 'r').read()
lexer = Lexer(text) try: parser = Parser(lexer) tree = parser.parse() except (LexerError, ParserError) as e: print(e.message) sys.exit(1)
semantic_analyzer = SemanticAnalyzer() try: semantic_analyzer.visit(tree) except SemanticError as e: print(e.message) sys.exit(1)
interpreter = Interpreter(tree) interpreter.interpret()
if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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